Chapter+31

Major effects were protests against neclear test in varies parts of the world.both the U.s and the soviet union were conducting above ground neclear testing, an dlater were joined by british, and france. This later followed to become an issue concerning poeples health especially contamination of milk that would threaten the health of children. Many claimed this was a communist plot. President eisonhower clearly stated that even though the bombs were extremelt powerful the world opinion was even more powerful. The cold war divided europe because the last wartime meetings among the leaders of britain, the united states, and the soviet union they iniatied a plan which would set boundaries for postwar europe. The soviet union did not go through with what they said in the meetings by installing communist regimes tot heir liking, while excluding opposition political movements on their settled regions. Sovviet boundaries pushed west, reversing the desicions of the post- World War I Versailles conference. U.s and British responded with vigor, and nit critisized soviet policies and denied societ applications for reconstruction loans. 1947 Marshall plan, a program of substantial loans that was designed to aid western nations rebuild from the wars devastation. since europe was known to be a christian democratic current, whivh was wedded to democratic institutions and moderate social reform. the fact that communist and socialist leaders accepted many forms of democracy and its procedures western europe experienced a huge shift in their political spectrumn toward democratic constitutions. welfare state- elaborated a host of social insurance measures which also included improvement of unemployment insurance, and medical care was sup[ported by state-funded insurance. The main reason for the developement of the welfare sate was simply becaus eof the resistance ideas and the shift leftward in the politcal spectrum that helped explain the new activism of the state in the economic policy. the issues were the wartime planning in the british governemnt that pointed out their needs for new programs to reduce the impact of the economic inequality. The goal was to restore Europes spirt. Institutitonwere established to link policies inheavy industry and later to develop atomic power. The European Union was formed to create a single economic entity across national political boundries. But it did no mean they were under a single government. With the help of welfare state and European union by the mid-1950s Europes economy was entering a new phase.Agriculture production grew rapidly but now as the agriculture of the U.S. The production of automoblies and appliences also helped growing factories. They still remained a leading source for weapon production by exporting only to U.S and Soviet. Immigration also contributed to the economy. The United states established a Central Intelligence Agency to organize a worldwide information-gathering and espionage work. the united states entered a period of intense concern on foreighn communist conspiricies, by sendin gout spys on certain european countries to be certain.
 * 4. Read chapter 31p.732 - 750**
 * **What were the major effects of decolonization post WWII on Europe?**
 * **How did the Cold War divide Europe? What were the implications of this division?**
 * **Why did European governments move towards Liberal Democracies?**
 * **What was the welfare state? Why did they develop? what were the issues?**
 * **Trace growing diplomatic relationships within Europe**
 * **Outline economic development in Europe**
 * **Outline the post war development of the non-European West (Excluding the United States)**
 * **The U.S made tradional change but so did Austrailia, New Zealand, and Canada. Canada established a welfare policy to better economic planning and state run medical plan. Canada continued to intergrate with the U.S. Quebec's remained under frech canadian influences. in 1945 Austrailia and New Zealand moved away from Great Britains control.
 * **Explain the growing role of the United States in world affairs**
 * **Trace developments for women in the post war West**
 * **Outline cultural developments in Europe.**