Classical+India


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 * The main Idea:**
 * The social structure of India was quite unique and some what simliar to the one of China. China had a Philosophical structure rather than a religious one such as the Indians. When talking about families males were still the dominanty in the house and in society, women by law were forced to treat their husbands like Gods, and children were chosen who to marry at a very yound age. They relied heavily on praying and a religous society where everything was organized but at the same showed much respect like confucianism.**

edited part below

Both India and China developed highly patriachal societies and families, both societies developed very different social structures. In both Chinese and Indian families, women were subordinated and men dominated the family unit, while the Indian family unit in particular required wives to literally worship their husbands as Gods. The Indian caste system placed merchants underneath the priests and warriors, unlike its Chinese counterpart, which placed the peasants underneath the wealthy and educated. Indian merchants were capable of far sea trade, which gave them a greater impact on the Indian economy than their Chinese counterparts. The Indian social hierarchy was basically more firmly rooted and established the Chinese hierarchy, and this actually made social mobility in Indian society much more difficult than in the more flexible Chinese society.

Buddha..

**ESPIRIT Chart** You must include main ideas and details in each category

Civilization/Nation/Group_

Time PeriodClassical India

Torrential //monsoons// are the important rainy season that is crucial to the agriculture. **Northern part of India had an economy based on herding, while the southern coastal area has** Although mainly agricultural, India built great cities and engaged ion extensive trade adding the economic complexity. India developed extensive internal and maritime trade. **The economy and the people were all about the agriculture.** The wealth and upper class was only enjoyed by a few people. || Low caste individuals had few legal rights, and servants were very often abused by masters Masters were restrained only by religion toward kindly treatment. **If a Brahman killed servant, he would simply face little consequences such just killing an animal (uncommon).** Peasants had very little contact with higher class people. Dominance of husbands and men in general still remained strong like the Dynast of China (wife should worship husband as a God). Although women economic contributions, started to expand. Parents arranged for their child to be married at a young age (someone they never met). Indian culture was different from China because it involved strong will for women, and believed in Goddesses. || //Guptas//= language that wasn’t required for everything. Castes system promoted tolerance. //Maurya//, and Gupta dynasties were the most successful. Emperor //Ashoka// was considered the greatest leader during Mauryan (269-232 B.C.E) Politics in India placed under local government. In India politics wasn’t the main focus but religion was. || India kept economic ties with its surrounding countries. || It emphasized nature as a divided force. **Animals** such monkies and cattle were religious. Epic poems reflect idea of after death. Hindus stressed the idea of reincarnation. Where should do not die, but pass into being, either humans or animals. **Brahman was the basic holy essence that formed part of everything in the world**. They took forms of Gods such as Vishnu, the preserver, and Shiva, the destroyer. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://www.stutzfamily.com/mrstutz/indus/shiva.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET || Art caused major revolutionary ideas Major book called //kamasutra// which discussed the relationship between men and women in an ordinary Indian society Spherical shrines to //Buddha// **were a huge part of education, they believed you weren’t smart if you didn’t know about your religion** || Created today’s fascinating number system. Really great strides in medicine, and health ||
 * E || The most important agricultural regions were along the //Indus// river and //Ganges// river.
 * S || **Women were assigned to marry the men their family chose and thought was right for her, so they had no freedom to choose who they married.**
 * P || Different political diversities and regionalism.
 * I || India was influenced by countries surrounding them
 * R || Hinduism was main religion.
 * I || **All of the universities were built to spread education throughout the civilization**
 * T || **Had great improvements in astronomy itself.**

Summary for China and India

Both Classical China and India both had great similarities, and major differences throughout their respected time period. Some of which were obvious and some that were not. First was Chinas philosphical structure of government compared to India's religious or Hindu government. Both of which had a great amount of agriculture but were quite different from one another. China's government was runned by idea, and knowledge. China also had great scholars such as **Confuscious,** who aimed for the importance of respect for one another, and elders, and the idea of appreciaiting ones work and talent. Confucionism was one of chinas major step towards an organized and well developed government. India on the other hand was more on the reilgious side of the table. Hinduism spread along with Buddhahism, and started a great time period in which religion was practiced more often then philosophy. Indias beliefs in worshipping goddesses would never be agreed by the Chinese. But both countries were similar on having male dominance, and women playing smaller roles in regular everyday societies. Parents in India chose who their children were destined to marry. But in China they didnt have a book called **kamasutra** telling people about how men and women should behave with one another. = = Terms for Classical India


 * Aryans || Indo- European nomadic pastoralists. They are known for replacing **Harappan** civilization; the militarized society. ||
 * Ashoka || Converted to Buddhism and spread new religions throughout empire, he was the grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, and was the conquest of the Indian subcontinent. ||
 * Gupta || Less centralized than Mauryan empire, and was a dynasty that succeeded the Kushans in the 3rd century C.E. During this dynasty emperors built empire everywhere except the southern regions of India’s subcontinent. ||
 * Caste system || In India, a social class structure in which separated the poor the middle class and the rich. ||
 * Hinduism || Religion in which the practice of many gods were the rulers of the universe ||
 * Sanskirt || **The sacred and classical Indian language**. ||


 * UpanishadsA group of writings sacred in Hinuism concerning the relations of humans, **God, and the universe**. ||
 * Dharma || **Social custom** regarded as a religious and **moral duty** ||
 * Buddhism || Religion that was founded by India and Asian countries that taught enlightment and its ideas can only be achieved by abandoning desires for all earthly things. ||
 * Tamils || a member of a people of Dravidian ||
 * Chandragupta Maurya || King of northern India 322–298 B.C, **founder** of the Maurya empire. ||
 * Gurus || Also known as the Brahmans, and were people who served as teachers for the prince in the imperial courts of the Guptas. ||